Tuesday, December 8, 2009
A Summary of Survey Findings
Receiving 61 male responses and 161 female responses, the results of our survey served as a vital tool to the amount of research data our group has compiled for our project on dating. The survey included key components, asking the individual their gender, age, race/ethnicity (African American, Asian/Pacific Islander, Latino/Hispanic, Caucasian, Other) and sexual orientation (straight, gay, bisexual, not sure, other). With a series of well-developed, anonymous, objective questions, those taking the survey were able to fell comfortable enough to provide sincere, genuine, honest answers. By providing the key components previously listed, we were able to divide up the results of our survey into many different categories: all results of males and females, just females, just gay females, gay females who are African American, gay females who are African American between the ages of 18-25, etc. With this amount of data available, our group was able to ascertain the exact results needed to further develop our research project.
With the vast amount of information obtained from this survey, we have decided to post a generic model of our data. Providing the results of all males and females of all ages, race, and sexual orientation, we have allowed to a more worldly view as to how we are all being impacted as a culture. From this information alone, we can see how the affects of dating have impacted each and every one of us and how each and every one of us has had an impact on dating.
With the vast amount of information obtained from this survey, we have decided to post a generic model of our data. Providing the results of all males and females of all ages, race, and sexual orientation, we have allowed to a more worldly view as to how we are all being impacted as a culture. From this information alone, we can see how the affects of dating have impacted each and every one of us and how each and every one of us has had an impact on dating.
Media Analysis: FHM
For Him Magazine (FHM) is one of the top leading male magazines around the world, including countries such as the UK, Singapore, Australia, Malaysia, and Turkey. It has been designed to appeal to the average male, filled with sex provoking articles and beautiful half-naked women gracing the covers of each issue. However, FHM has not always been published this way. The early FHM magazines were focused on fashion and style, being distributed throughout European fashion outlets. It was not until 1987 that the publishers of the magazine began to take their publication to the shelves of newsagents.
Beginning in 1994, FHM magazine took a new approach of a competing magazine known as Loaded. The focus of FHM shifted from fashion to beautiful women, drinking, sports, and humor. As a need to distance themselves from top shelf publications, FHM introduced scantily clad women to the covers of their magazines. This is now commonly accepted among consumers and is a strong selling point for the magazine. It is because of this new “sexualized” approach that an upset in sales has occurred in pornographic media giants such as Playboy and Penthouse. This may be due to the fact that men may less embarrassed when a “men’s lifestyle” magazine than a pornographic one. However, the line between pornography and what is presented in FHM magazine has become more than shady.
Throughout this past decade the covers of FHM magazine have presented highly sexualized article topics including: “I want to achieve a perfect orgasm”, “why you should be bedding older women”, “sex on the beach”, and “the world’s hottest threesome”. With the display of women bent-over, with legs spread open, there no wondering why pornographic powerhouses such as Playboy and Penthouse have had an upset in sales.
In a 2003 FHM photo shoot, television cooking host Rachel Ray poses in lingerie and scantily sucks on a strawberry, causing an uproar in criticism. It wasn’t until an interview on late night news program, Nightline, that Rachel Ray commented upon her decision to pose for such a magazine. During the interview Ray comments on how she felt privileged given the opportunity to pose for a magazine that thrives on the success of displaying photos of such beautiful, sexualized women, saying “that if you’ve got it go for it”. It is because of views like these, that the ideas of women being treated as objects are so prevalent in today’s society. Yet it is becoming more accepted by both men and women that to have these views of women as objects, due to the bombardment of the media and its influences.
Steve Miller
Rachel Ray’s interview on youtube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDRm3sku3qs
Beginning in 1994, FHM magazine took a new approach of a competing magazine known as Loaded. The focus of FHM shifted from fashion to beautiful women, drinking, sports, and humor. As a need to distance themselves from top shelf publications, FHM introduced scantily clad women to the covers of their magazines. This is now commonly accepted among consumers and is a strong selling point for the magazine. It is because of this new “sexualized” approach that an upset in sales has occurred in pornographic media giants such as Playboy and Penthouse. This may be due to the fact that men may less embarrassed when a “men’s lifestyle” magazine than a pornographic one. However, the line between pornography and what is presented in FHM magazine has become more than shady.
Throughout this past decade the covers of FHM magazine have presented highly sexualized article topics including: “I want to achieve a perfect orgasm”, “why you should be bedding older women”, “sex on the beach”, and “the world’s hottest threesome”. With the display of women bent-over, with legs spread open, there no wondering why pornographic powerhouses such as Playboy and Penthouse have had an upset in sales.
In a 2003 FHM photo shoot, television cooking host Rachel Ray poses in lingerie and scantily sucks on a strawberry, causing an uproar in criticism. It wasn’t until an interview on late night news program, Nightline, that Rachel Ray commented upon her decision to pose for such a magazine. During the interview Ray comments on how she felt privileged given the opportunity to pose for a magazine that thrives on the success of displaying photos of such beautiful, sexualized women, saying “that if you’ve got it go for it”. It is because of views like these, that the ideas of women being treated as objects are so prevalent in today’s society. Yet it is becoming more accepted by both men and women that to have these views of women as objects, due to the bombardment of the media and its influences.
Steve Miller
Rachel Ray’s interview on youtube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDRm3sku3qs
Female ONLY responses from open ended questions
What physical qualities attract you to a person?
Top responses. Out of 161 female responses, these qualities were included in their descriptions
1. 48% Smile
2. 43% Body (having a nice butt, arms, shoulders, neck, and looking athletic)
3. 39% Eyes
4. 31% Height (taller than themselves)
5. 18% Facial Features (attractive facial features)
6. 18% Hair
7. 14% Personality
8. 2% Intelligence
9. 1% Confidence
What would turn you off from person?
Top responses. Out of 161 female responses, these qualities were included in their descriptions
1. 25% Attitude
2. 18% Looks (bad hair, nails, hygiene)
3. 14% Odor (body and mouth)
4. 13% Smoker
5. 12% Cockiness
6. 11% Teeth
7. 11% Arrogance
8. 6% No set goals
9. 4% Overweight
Unlike the male responses, there were no vulgar comments represented in the female responses
Describe an ideal first date:
Top responses. Out of 161 female responses, these were mentioned:
1. 34% Dinner
2. 31% Activity (going to the beach, dancing, having fun)
3. 24% Movie (going to the movies)
4. 20% Talking (getting to know each other)
5. 4% Coffee (relaxing with a cup of coffee)
Dinner and a movie were often mentioned together, while going to the beach was the most mentioned activity to do.
How long do you wait until you take your relationship to the next level: Engaged/ Marriage
Top results. Out of 161 female responses, these were mentioned:
1. 22% When it feels right
2. 19% Depends
3. 12% At least 2 years
4. 10% 6 months to 1 year
5. 9% At least 3 years
6. 8% Never got to that level
7. 8% 5 or more years
Do you say ‘I love you’ first or wait for your partner to say it?
Top results. Out of 161 female responses, these were mentioned:
1. 44% Wait for the other person to say it
2. 26% I do (either when the time is right, or I do all the time)
3. 14% Depends
4. 1% Mutual
5. 1% Not sure
6. 1% Never been in love
How does the media’s portrayal of dating influence your dating, if at all?
Top results. Out of 161 female responses, these were mentioned:
1. 63% It doesn’t
2. 29% It does
3. 4% N/A
4. 0.6% Don’t know
5. 0.6% Never dated
Those who stated that media portrayal of dating has had an influence on their dating had mentioned these specific reasons: the promotion of promiscuity and sex, dates need to be rich and lavish, and that there will always be a happy ending.
These two comments were the more elaborate of the results:
1) The media ever since a girl is young corrupts their mind into thinking that there is a prince charming waiting for them, and there are so many absurd magazines and movies that still enforce that idea. Which is the reason why most girls that a hard time dating because its not what they expected. So I've learned to not believe everything the media has proclaimed to be true
2) The media's portrayal of dating disgusts me. It was so far from accurate and persuades teens into thinking that it's normal. The media does not influence my dating and relationships at all... Maybe the media's style of dating is right for some people. But I know that if I acted like that, I would NOT get a second day because I wouldn't be acting myself. Dating is truly all about authenticity and the media's view definitely influences us to act a certain way.
written by: Steve Miller
Top responses. Out of 161 female responses, these qualities were included in their descriptions
1. 48% Smile
2. 43% Body (having a nice butt, arms, shoulders, neck, and looking athletic)
3. 39% Eyes
4. 31% Height (taller than themselves)
5. 18% Facial Features (attractive facial features)
6. 18% Hair
7. 14% Personality
8. 2% Intelligence
9. 1% Confidence
What would turn you off from person?
Top responses. Out of 161 female responses, these qualities were included in their descriptions
1. 25% Attitude
2. 18% Looks (bad hair, nails, hygiene)
3. 14% Odor (body and mouth)
4. 13% Smoker
5. 12% Cockiness
6. 11% Teeth
7. 11% Arrogance
8. 6% No set goals
9. 4% Overweight
Unlike the male responses, there were no vulgar comments represented in the female responses
Describe an ideal first date:
Top responses. Out of 161 female responses, these were mentioned:
1. 34% Dinner
2. 31% Activity (going to the beach, dancing, having fun)
3. 24% Movie (going to the movies)
4. 20% Talking (getting to know each other)
5. 4% Coffee (relaxing with a cup of coffee)
Dinner and a movie were often mentioned together, while going to the beach was the most mentioned activity to do.
How long do you wait until you take your relationship to the next level: Engaged/ Marriage
Top results. Out of 161 female responses, these were mentioned:
1. 22% When it feels right
2. 19% Depends
3. 12% At least 2 years
4. 10% 6 months to 1 year
5. 9% At least 3 years
6. 8% Never got to that level
7. 8% 5 or more years
Do you say ‘I love you’ first or wait for your partner to say it?
Top results. Out of 161 female responses, these were mentioned:
1. 44% Wait for the other person to say it
2. 26% I do (either when the time is right, or I do all the time)
3. 14% Depends
4. 1% Mutual
5. 1% Not sure
6. 1% Never been in love
How does the media’s portrayal of dating influence your dating, if at all?
Top results. Out of 161 female responses, these were mentioned:
1. 63% It doesn’t
2. 29% It does
3. 4% N/A
4. 0.6% Don’t know
5. 0.6% Never dated
Those who stated that media portrayal of dating has had an influence on their dating had mentioned these specific reasons: the promotion of promiscuity and sex, dates need to be rich and lavish, and that there will always be a happy ending.
These two comments were the more elaborate of the results:
1) The media ever since a girl is young corrupts their mind into thinking that there is a prince charming waiting for them, and there are so many absurd magazines and movies that still enforce that idea. Which is the reason why most girls that a hard time dating because its not what they expected. So I've learned to not believe everything the media has proclaimed to be true
2) The media's portrayal of dating disgusts me. It was so far from accurate and persuades teens into thinking that it's normal. The media does not influence my dating and relationships at all... Maybe the media's style of dating is right for some people. But I know that if I acted like that, I would NOT get a second day because I wouldn't be acting myself. Dating is truly all about authenticity and the media's view definitely influences us to act a certain way.
written by: Steve Miller
Males only responses to open ended questions
What physical qualities attract you to a person?
Out of 61 male responses
11 felt that personality counted as a physical quality
50 were interested in such physical qualities as:
1. Smile
2. Eyes
3. Breasts
4. Buttocks
5. Legs
6. Skin
7. Face
8. Height
9. Hair
With eyes and smile scoring the highest.
What would turn you off from person?
Out of 61 male responses
We sub-categorized our result into 3 overall sections and these are the most common responses:
Hygiene
1. Bad breath
2. Body odor
3. Smoking
Personality
1. Annoying laughs
2. Manners
3. No sense of humor
Looks
1. Overweight/ obese
The interesting thing about this question is that personality was the number one turn off I would have assumed different.
Here were the most vulgar of our results.
1. Fat chicks or high maintenance broads.
2. Attitude and hygiene don’t like chicks that smell like hotdog water when they open their legs, that’s a Big No No!!!
3. Stuck up attitude, cold hearted personality. If she’s a bitch, it’s a no go. Unless it’s just for a fun night.
Describe an ideal first date:
Out of 60 male responses
1. Dinner
2. Talking and getting to know each other
3. Movies
4. Some form of sexual interaction
Surprisingly drinking was only mentioned 3 times out of the 60 responses.
Most degrading results
1. One in which I get laid and spend no $.
2. RESTARAUNT,DANCE CLUB,BED
3. plane trip to somewhere nice or we could go to McDonalds, depends on the girl
How long do you wait until you take your relationship to the next level: Engaged/ Marriage?
Out of 61 male responses
1. when it feels right
2. One year
3. Three years
4. Never got to that level before
Do you say I love you first or wait for your partner to say it?
Out of 61 male responses
1. Man says its first
2. Wait
3. Never been in love
4. Wait for the other person to say it
5. When the time is right
6. Mutual
How does the media’s portrayal of relationships influence you?
Out of 61 male response
1) Media doesn’t have an effect: 45
2) Media does have an effect: 9
3) Does not know: 7
Out of 61 male responses
11 felt that personality counted as a physical quality
50 were interested in such physical qualities as:
1. Smile
2. Eyes
3. Breasts
4. Buttocks
5. Legs
6. Skin
7. Face
8. Height
9. Hair
With eyes and smile scoring the highest.
What would turn you off from person?
Out of 61 male responses
We sub-categorized our result into 3 overall sections and these are the most common responses:
Hygiene
1. Bad breath
2. Body odor
3. Smoking
Personality
1. Annoying laughs
2. Manners
3. No sense of humor
Looks
1. Overweight/ obese
The interesting thing about this question is that personality was the number one turn off I would have assumed different.
Here were the most vulgar of our results.
1. Fat chicks or high maintenance broads.
2. Attitude and hygiene don’t like chicks that smell like hotdog water when they open their legs, that’s a Big No No!!!
3. Stuck up attitude, cold hearted personality. If she’s a bitch, it’s a no go. Unless it’s just for a fun night.
Describe an ideal first date:
Out of 60 male responses
1. Dinner
2. Talking and getting to know each other
3. Movies
4. Some form of sexual interaction
Surprisingly drinking was only mentioned 3 times out of the 60 responses.
Most degrading results
1. One in which I get laid and spend no $.
2. RESTARAUNT,DANCE CLUB,BED
3. plane trip to somewhere nice or we could go to McDonalds, depends on the girl
How long do you wait until you take your relationship to the next level: Engaged/ Marriage?
Out of 61 male responses
1. when it feels right
2. One year
3. Three years
4. Never got to that level before
Do you say I love you first or wait for your partner to say it?
Out of 61 male responses
1. Man says its first
2. Wait
3. Never been in love
4. Wait for the other person to say it
5. When the time is right
6. Mutual
How does the media’s portrayal of relationships influence you?
Out of 61 male response
1) Media doesn’t have an effect: 45
2) Media does have an effect: 9
3) Does not know: 7
What Your Race Really Has to Say
Fisman, Raymond., Iyengar, Sheena S. (2008). Racial Preferences in Dating. The Review of Economic Studies Limited
This article examines if there are racial preference in dating. Employed through a speed dating experiment, this study directly observed the individuals’ preferences rather than survey responses. The backgrounds of the observed individual were taken into consideration, including their racial composition of their ZIP code, as well as the current attitudes in a subject’s state or country. It was concluded that same-race preferences are negatively correlated with education. However, it was observed that females exhibit stronger racial preferences than the males, while older subjects and more physically attractive subjects exhibited fewer amounts of same-race preferences.
Steve Miller
This article examines if there are racial preference in dating. Employed through a speed dating experiment, this study directly observed the individuals’ preferences rather than survey responses. The backgrounds of the observed individual were taken into consideration, including their racial composition of their ZIP code, as well as the current attitudes in a subject’s state or country. It was concluded that same-race preferences are negatively correlated with education. However, it was observed that females exhibit stronger racial preferences than the males, while older subjects and more physically attractive subjects exhibited fewer amounts of same-race preferences.
Steve Miller
Premarital Sex vs. Marital Satisfaction
Legkauskas, Visvaldas., Stankeviciene, Dzeralda. (2008). Premarital Sez and Marital Satisfaction of Middle Aged Men and Women: A Study of Married Lithuanian Couples. Springer Science
This article focuses on a study conducted to investigate possible relationships between: current marital satisfaction and age of onset of sexual intercourse, having and experience of premarital intercourse, the number of premarital sexual partners, and having an experience of premarital cohabitation (to live together in an intimate relationship). The results of this study among middle-aged Lithuanian couples indicate that there is no significant relationship between the experience of premarital sexual intercourse and marital satisfaction of men or women. However, men, who have had more premarital partners and cohabitation experience, were less satisfied with their marriages.
For women, starting sexual activity at a younger age and having larger numbers of premarital partners was related to lower marital satisfaction.
Steve Miller
This article focuses on a study conducted to investigate possible relationships between: current marital satisfaction and age of onset of sexual intercourse, having and experience of premarital intercourse, the number of premarital sexual partners, and having an experience of premarital cohabitation (to live together in an intimate relationship). The results of this study among middle-aged Lithuanian couples indicate that there is no significant relationship between the experience of premarital sexual intercourse and marital satisfaction of men or women. However, men, who have had more premarital partners and cohabitation experience, were less satisfied with their marriages.
For women, starting sexual activity at a younger age and having larger numbers of premarital partners was related to lower marital satisfaction.
Steve Miller
Who are more aggressive, Men or Women?
Merten, Michael J., Williams, Amanda L., (2009). Acceptability of Maritial Violence Among College Men and Women: Does Gender and Current Relationship Status Matter? Vol. 43 Issue 3, p843 9p. College Student Journals
This article examines the acceptability of marital violence among college men and women, viewing the role of gender, current relationship status, and the interaction between gender and relationship status. It was found that women who believe male-female violence is unjustifiable reactively believe female-male violence is warranted and vice-versa. The study concludes that both men and women are more accepting of violence among intimate partners. However, female college students are less accepting of violence among married couples than male college students, regardless of the sex of the perpetrator.
Steve Miller
This article examines the acceptability of marital violence among college men and women, viewing the role of gender, current relationship status, and the interaction between gender and relationship status. It was found that women who believe male-female violence is unjustifiable reactively believe female-male violence is warranted and vice-versa. The study concludes that both men and women are more accepting of violence among intimate partners. However, female college students are less accepting of violence among married couples than male college students, regardless of the sex of the perpetrator.
Steve Miller
Adolescent Sex
Moore, Kristin A. (1995). Adolescent Sex, Contraception, and Childbearing. Information Analyses
This article talks about how the history of dating, marriage, and sexual experience has drastically changed over time. It was reported that women were marrying at younger ages in the 1950 than the 1920s and that those who delayed marriage, combined with an earlier age of first sexual experience, has resulted in a 50% increase in the likelihood that a teenage female would have premarital sex between the late 1950s and mid 1980s. As a result, 95% of sexually experienced teenagers in the 1980s were unmarried at first intercourse, compared with less than 60% in the late 1950s. It had also been concluded that a 27 percent increase in sexual experience among adolescents has become apparent throughout the past five decades (since this article has been published); that those between the ages of 13 and 16 are having their first sexual experiences.
Steve Miller
This article talks about how the history of dating, marriage, and sexual experience has drastically changed over time. It was reported that women were marrying at younger ages in the 1950 than the 1920s and that those who delayed marriage, combined with an earlier age of first sexual experience, has resulted in a 50% increase in the likelihood that a teenage female would have premarital sex between the late 1950s and mid 1980s. As a result, 95% of sexually experienced teenagers in the 1980s were unmarried at first intercourse, compared with less than 60% in the late 1950s. It had also been concluded that a 27 percent increase in sexual experience among adolescents has become apparent throughout the past five decades (since this article has been published); that those between the ages of 13 and 16 are having their first sexual experiences.
Steve Miller
Media Analysis: Cosmopolitan
The bottom line in today’s American society and culture is that sex sells. Cosmopolitan has made it socially acceptable for a woman to talk about sex and read about sex. They have removed the gendered stigma that only men can think about sex often and ultimately have sex often.
What Message has Cosmopolitan given their readers on dating throughout the year of 2009?
Magazine Covers:
2009
January: You & SEX
February: What SEX feels like for guys
March: His biggest SEX secrets
April: SEX that brings you closer
May: SEX he craves
June: best SEX ever
July: 100 SEX questions
August: 125 SEX moves
September: 50 SEX tricks
October: Bad Girl SEX
November: What he thinks during SEX
December: His #1 SEX wish
2008
January: Dirty sexy SEX
February: the most satisfying SEX position
March: Sex tips
April: be a SEX genius
May: SEX Q&A
June: His G spot
July: taboo SEX
August: SEX poll
September: 100 SEX truths
October: How long guys want SEX to last
November: Total body SEX
December: The SEX factor
On every magazine cover for the years 2008 and 2009, the word that is printed the largest, sometimes even larger than the title is SEX. Since cosmopolitan is one of the top selling magazines in America, it proves that readers/ consumers will buy sex. On the cover of every magazine an air-brushed, hyper-sexy woman is revealing almost everything. When comparing Cosmopolitan (a magazine typically consumed by women) to Maxim and or FHM (a magazine typically consumed by men) I observed similar characteristics. All of these magazines only post women on their covers that are wearing low cut shirts, tugging at their jeans or shorts and are posing in ways that enhance their features. The idea that sex has become masculinized in America’s culture is observed with these magazines because not only men are viewing racy, sexy photos of women but women are too. My analysis is that men view these photos in order to fantasize, but what are women viewing these photos for?
In order to get a better understanding of the message Cosmopolitan is sending to women I analyzed 25 articles that all had directions or “how to’s” for women. Most of these articles focused on the bedroom with titles such as Post sex moves he will love, The two hottest things you can say in bed, and How to become a sex goddess. In these articles the author explains and points out certain things that will be sure to make your relationship stronger and your love life better. The idea that women have to enhance their sexuality and be ultra sexy when in a relationship in order to keep their men satisfied is a main idea within Cosmopolitan. Another major topic of this magazine is ways to get noticed by men which are described in articles such as 8 things guys notice about you instantly, Get hit on all the time, and A dating coach gives no BS tips. These articles range from the early stages of dating by explaining how you should sit or stand while at a bar in order to get noticed by a guy, things you should and should not say during a conversation, and things you can do to ensure that he will ask you out again. In my analysis of this section I noticed again that the focus is on women and how they need to act, dress, etc in order to achieve what they want out of a relationship. In my opinion the media emphasizes over and over that women must work overtly hard in order to keep men satisfied in order to get long term commitment from them. An important note is that this is a major shift in the kind of attitudes from about 10 or 20 years ago. In history we have observed men being the pursuers and constantly having to work very hard to impress women.
An interesting article was recently published on Cosmopolitans website entitled Why Men Cheat on Hot Women in response to Tiger Woods affair on his beautiful model wife. Is there ever just one reason why a man cheats though? Does it actually have anything to do with the women they are in a relationship with?
They took a stance that some men are just programmed to cheat. Men in high status or powerful positions are used to being in control and having certain entitlements so sleeping with many beautiful women furthers this idea in their head. In addition, these men are typically in careers that have them away from home for long periods of time and their status attracts a variety of women who offer them sex without any attachment. So what about the men that cheat, but are not in positions of power? Well they have simply been influenced by their fathers to cheat. A more extreme position from this article is that cheating is a mental disorder for sex addicts, and an emotional one for those men who were not loved as children.
written by: Brittney Payne
What Message has Cosmopolitan given their readers on dating throughout the year of 2009?
Magazine Covers:
2009
January: You & SEX
February: What SEX feels like for guys
March: His biggest SEX secrets
April: SEX that brings you closer
May: SEX he craves
June: best SEX ever
July: 100 SEX questions
August: 125 SEX moves
September: 50 SEX tricks
October: Bad Girl SEX
November: What he thinks during SEX
December: His #1 SEX wish
2008
January: Dirty sexy SEX
February: the most satisfying SEX position
March: Sex tips
April: be a SEX genius
May: SEX Q&A
June: His G spot
July: taboo SEX
August: SEX poll
September: 100 SEX truths
October: How long guys want SEX to last
November: Total body SEX
December: The SEX factor
On every magazine cover for the years 2008 and 2009, the word that is printed the largest, sometimes even larger than the title is SEX. Since cosmopolitan is one of the top selling magazines in America, it proves that readers/ consumers will buy sex. On the cover of every magazine an air-brushed, hyper-sexy woman is revealing almost everything. When comparing Cosmopolitan (a magazine typically consumed by women) to Maxim and or FHM (a magazine typically consumed by men) I observed similar characteristics. All of these magazines only post women on their covers that are wearing low cut shirts, tugging at their jeans or shorts and are posing in ways that enhance their features. The idea that sex has become masculinized in America’s culture is observed with these magazines because not only men are viewing racy, sexy photos of women but women are too. My analysis is that men view these photos in order to fantasize, but what are women viewing these photos for?
In order to get a better understanding of the message Cosmopolitan is sending to women I analyzed 25 articles that all had directions or “how to’s” for women. Most of these articles focused on the bedroom with titles such as Post sex moves he will love, The two hottest things you can say in bed, and How to become a sex goddess. In these articles the author explains and points out certain things that will be sure to make your relationship stronger and your love life better. The idea that women have to enhance their sexuality and be ultra sexy when in a relationship in order to keep their men satisfied is a main idea within Cosmopolitan. Another major topic of this magazine is ways to get noticed by men which are described in articles such as 8 things guys notice about you instantly, Get hit on all the time, and A dating coach gives no BS tips. These articles range from the early stages of dating by explaining how you should sit or stand while at a bar in order to get noticed by a guy, things you should and should not say during a conversation, and things you can do to ensure that he will ask you out again. In my analysis of this section I noticed again that the focus is on women and how they need to act, dress, etc in order to achieve what they want out of a relationship. In my opinion the media emphasizes over and over that women must work overtly hard in order to keep men satisfied in order to get long term commitment from them. An important note is that this is a major shift in the kind of attitudes from about 10 or 20 years ago. In history we have observed men being the pursuers and constantly having to work very hard to impress women.
An interesting article was recently published on Cosmopolitans website entitled Why Men Cheat on Hot Women in response to Tiger Woods affair on his beautiful model wife. Is there ever just one reason why a man cheats though? Does it actually have anything to do with the women they are in a relationship with?
They took a stance that some men are just programmed to cheat. Men in high status or powerful positions are used to being in control and having certain entitlements so sleeping with many beautiful women furthers this idea in their head. In addition, these men are typically in careers that have them away from home for long periods of time and their status attracts a variety of women who offer them sex without any attachment. So what about the men that cheat, but are not in positions of power? Well they have simply been influenced by their fathers to cheat. A more extreme position from this article is that cheating is a mental disorder for sex addicts, and an emotional one for those men who were not loved as children.
written by: Brittney Payne
The Evolution of Human Physical Attractiveness
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
The Evolution of Human Physical Attractiveness.
Steven W. Gangestad and Glenn J. Scheyd.
In Steven W. Gangestead and Glenn J. Scheyd article, The Evolution of Human Physical Attractiveness, they hypotheses, Can human standards of physical attractiveness be understood through the lens of evolutionary biology? The main focus includes the basic adaptation approach, which indicates selection pressures that have forged through evolutions past (pg525) Evolutionary models of signaling, states those non verbal signals will indicate attraction of the opposite sex; mating choice is a direct result. They argue that preferences are shaped by selection depending on conditions and geographic locations. (pg540) Across culture and time; physical activeness varies but seems to veer back to a median point. In present day we have made in attempt to fit the ‘evolutionary standard’ that we innately follow.
written by Mariana Gost
The Evolution of Human Physical Attractiveness.
Steven W. Gangestad and Glenn J. Scheyd.
In Steven W. Gangestead and Glenn J. Scheyd article, The Evolution of Human Physical Attractiveness, they hypotheses, Can human standards of physical attractiveness be understood through the lens of evolutionary biology? The main focus includes the basic adaptation approach, which indicates selection pressures that have forged through evolutions past (pg525) Evolutionary models of signaling, states those non verbal signals will indicate attraction of the opposite sex; mating choice is a direct result. They argue that preferences are shaped by selection depending on conditions and geographic locations. (pg540) Across culture and time; physical activeness varies but seems to veer back to a median point. In present day we have made in attempt to fit the ‘evolutionary standard’ that we innately follow.
written by Mariana Gost
Saturday, December 5, 2009
Dating Rules for Women
Dating Rules for WomenThe Do's and Dont's of dating for the modern female
Guys: If you don't like this, look away now.
In another dating article on this site, you will find a general set of rules than men should follow when dating. In the same way, women have some general rules that they should contend with when entering the dating jungle. Now I know everyone is different, so don't take things too seriously here. There has been some controversy over some literature published in the USA that lays out in detail the rules a woman should follow to get her guy (or gal). Ellen Fein and Sherrie Schneider's 1995 bestseller "The Rules," explains how women should play hard if they want to get their guy. I can understand why some groups would be hostile about this, but the fact is that when we grow up, there are a predefined set of dating rules. What happens is that we forget most of them after the age of 21, and then realize we need to relearn them.
I wish there weren't any general rules, but courtship is a ritual. There are things that we make happen that excite, stimulate, create interest and confound. Dating is a long test of compatibility. Are we perfectly matched? If we just threw ourselves together, then the chances of long term happiness might be compromised. And yet previous generations managed to succeed on a far less complex courtship criteria list. Many arranged marriages work all too interestingly.
In every society there are a predefined set of social rules we follow, from the way and timing of eating to the way we behave in public. The issue here is that when women date, there are some things that can help them be more successful. If we accept that dating is a game, then there are rules to that game. There are winners and losers. If you know the rules in advance, it gives you a head start. If men know the rules by which you are playing, you may change the rules to suit the situation to keep the man guessing. Men love a challenge, so feel free to adapt rules and add them as you feel inclined.
You can separate rules out into two parts, dating and online dating. Both areas have distinct rules that a woman should follow for dating success.
General Dating Rules
Always look great, whatever your income. Gorgeous hair and some lipstick with rags will still turn his head. You have the advantage. You are the woman. Look your best as you could meet a potential Mr. Right anywhere at any time.
Never reveal information you don't have to. An enigmatic woman drives men wild.
Keep dates brief, but your men interested. Less is always more.
Try and stay in shape and involve some fitness regime at a gym. However much you hate it, your Mr. Right loves your body as much as your mind.
Let your man pay. If he is interested, he is interested enough to ensure you eat well and get home safely in a cab.
Ensure you receive flowers. If he doesn't know what a florist is, dump him.
Never ever sleep with a guy until he has fallen for you. Sex early in your dating game plan will ruin everything.
Always keep a guy waiting and never turn up early. It is a lady's perogative.
Never be available when he wants you to be. Never be at the end of a phone when he calls and always let him leave a message or two first before replying.
If he is available Tuesday, you are available Thursday.
Weekend shopping trips with girlfriends are sacred and not available for dates.
Keep your man standing on quicksand by shifting landmarks and goalposts constantly.
Ensure you are a good kisser. Men will walk away if you cannot kiss. Practice on a mirror if you have to.
Never ever talk about previous boyfriends, particularly their prowess in the bedroom. Your ex-boyfriends are your business only.
Never assume anything about your date until you choose to know him better. You cannot always tell by looking.
If any man shows the slightest signs of possessiveness or insecurity, run like the wind. Life is too short for boys.
If his shoes or hygiene are a disgrace, dump him.
Never talk too much about your father and how your date measures up in comparison.
Never ever come across as too available or too desperate. He will run a mile. He is the one doing the chasing.
If the guy in the corner is gorgeous, go get him and create the need in him for you. Never wait for men to come to you because you may watch him leave with someone else.
You may well have all the bodily functions of a man, just try not to demonstrate them early on.
If you want a child, don't mention it on the first few dates.
Never ever criticize his mother unless you want to remain single.
Online Dating Rules
Always let them come to you, don't chase them via email.
Block anyone who annoys you instantly.
Post the best and most vampish photo you can find.
Don't reply to instant messages with clever opening lines.
Remain aloof and let yourself be chased.
Always reply to emails at least 3 days after receipt.
Never provide your real email or phone details.
Always date safely and protect yourself at every turn.
Make sure your login name is stunning and sexy, as well as enigmatic.
Do not login for hours on end. Short, rapid visits are best.
Do not assume the person you are talking to is destitute or sad.
Never ever reply to emails on weekends. Wait until a weekday.
Never state how good your sexual performance is in your profile.
If you don't want to date married men, spell it out in your profile.
A man who doesn't reply to your email within 3 days should be ignored.
Make sure your humor levels come across in text.
Do not chat to hundreds of men at once. The delay in replying is a dead giveaway and your Mr. Right will be off.
Don't even think about misrepresenting your size or description. They will find out.
Come across as cool and sophisticated for best results
Ladies, always remember that you are a sexy, desirable woman and the world is your oyster. Always let men do the chasing and always allow yourself to be the chooser. Always stay safe and never risk yourself for the sake of attending a date. Always use a safe dating Website.
http://www.topdatingtips.com/dating-rules-for-women.htm
Guys: If you don't like this, look away now.
In another dating article on this site, you will find a general set of rules than men should follow when dating. In the same way, women have some general rules that they should contend with when entering the dating jungle. Now I know everyone is different, so don't take things too seriously here. There has been some controversy over some literature published in the USA that lays out in detail the rules a woman should follow to get her guy (or gal). Ellen Fein and Sherrie Schneider's 1995 bestseller "The Rules," explains how women should play hard if they want to get their guy. I can understand why some groups would be hostile about this, but the fact is that when we grow up, there are a predefined set of dating rules. What happens is that we forget most of them after the age of 21, and then realize we need to relearn them.
I wish there weren't any general rules, but courtship is a ritual. There are things that we make happen that excite, stimulate, create interest and confound. Dating is a long test of compatibility. Are we perfectly matched? If we just threw ourselves together, then the chances of long term happiness might be compromised. And yet previous generations managed to succeed on a far less complex courtship criteria list. Many arranged marriages work all too interestingly.
In every society there are a predefined set of social rules we follow, from the way and timing of eating to the way we behave in public. The issue here is that when women date, there are some things that can help them be more successful. If we accept that dating is a game, then there are rules to that game. There are winners and losers. If you know the rules in advance, it gives you a head start. If men know the rules by which you are playing, you may change the rules to suit the situation to keep the man guessing. Men love a challenge, so feel free to adapt rules and add them as you feel inclined.
You can separate rules out into two parts, dating and online dating. Both areas have distinct rules that a woman should follow for dating success.
General Dating Rules
Always look great, whatever your income. Gorgeous hair and some lipstick with rags will still turn his head. You have the advantage. You are the woman. Look your best as you could meet a potential Mr. Right anywhere at any time.
Never reveal information you don't have to. An enigmatic woman drives men wild.
Keep dates brief, but your men interested. Less is always more.
Try and stay in shape and involve some fitness regime at a gym. However much you hate it, your Mr. Right loves your body as much as your mind.
Let your man pay. If he is interested, he is interested enough to ensure you eat well and get home safely in a cab.
Ensure you receive flowers. If he doesn't know what a florist is, dump him.
Never ever sleep with a guy until he has fallen for you. Sex early in your dating game plan will ruin everything.
Always keep a guy waiting and never turn up early. It is a lady's perogative.
Never be available when he wants you to be. Never be at the end of a phone when he calls and always let him leave a message or two first before replying.
If he is available Tuesday, you are available Thursday.
Weekend shopping trips with girlfriends are sacred and not available for dates.
Keep your man standing on quicksand by shifting landmarks and goalposts constantly.
Ensure you are a good kisser. Men will walk away if you cannot kiss. Practice on a mirror if you have to.
Never ever talk about previous boyfriends, particularly their prowess in the bedroom. Your ex-boyfriends are your business only.
Never assume anything about your date until you choose to know him better. You cannot always tell by looking.
If any man shows the slightest signs of possessiveness or insecurity, run like the wind. Life is too short for boys.
If his shoes or hygiene are a disgrace, dump him.
Never talk too much about your father and how your date measures up in comparison.
Never ever come across as too available or too desperate. He will run a mile. He is the one doing the chasing.
If the guy in the corner is gorgeous, go get him and create the need in him for you. Never wait for men to come to you because you may watch him leave with someone else.
You may well have all the bodily functions of a man, just try not to demonstrate them early on.
If you want a child, don't mention it on the first few dates.
Never ever criticize his mother unless you want to remain single.
Online Dating Rules
Always let them come to you, don't chase them via email.
Block anyone who annoys you instantly.
Post the best and most vampish photo you can find.
Don't reply to instant messages with clever opening lines.
Remain aloof and let yourself be chased.
Always reply to emails at least 3 days after receipt.
Never provide your real email or phone details.
Always date safely and protect yourself at every turn.
Make sure your login name is stunning and sexy, as well as enigmatic.
Do not login for hours on end. Short, rapid visits are best.
Do not assume the person you are talking to is destitute or sad.
Never ever reply to emails on weekends. Wait until a weekday.
Never state how good your sexual performance is in your profile.
If you don't want to date married men, spell it out in your profile.
A man who doesn't reply to your email within 3 days should be ignored.
Make sure your humor levels come across in text.
Do not chat to hundreds of men at once. The delay in replying is a dead giveaway and your Mr. Right will be off.
Don't even think about misrepresenting your size or description. They will find out.
Come across as cool and sophisticated for best results
Ladies, always remember that you are a sexy, desirable woman and the world is your oyster. Always let men do the chasing and always allow yourself to be the chooser. Always stay safe and never risk yourself for the sake of attending a date. Always use a safe dating Website.
http://www.topdatingtips.com/dating-rules-for-women.htm
Love and Courthship
The Historical Journal, 50 I (2007), pp. 173-196 Cambridge University Press Printed in the United Kingdom.
Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England
Claire Langhamer
University of Sussex
In Claire Langhamers article, Love and courtship in Mid-Twentieth Century England. In the life cycles of the majority of heterosexual people in the 20th century, a formative stage for emotional attachments exists. The author compared data findings from England’s Mass-Observation of 1937 to the most recent Mass- observation in 1981. Langhamer states that love and courtship have changed within twentieth century England. Courtship in the 1930 was seen as a rite of passage where now once you become a teenager you have the opportunity to have many casual relationships with the opposite sex. Her arguments suggest that women and their roles have changed as so has their outlook on courtship and the process of marriage. Modern women now are more independent and do not have to rely on a man to support them. She further argues that this is a prelude to the gendered male and female roles of today. Women especially are still expected to have traditional roles such as being a house wife and the male as the bread winner. In summary she states that courtship has its own life cycle and this warrants it to be examined due to changing roles of women in society.
Written By Mariana Gost
Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England
Claire Langhamer
University of Sussex
In Claire Langhamers article, Love and courtship in Mid-Twentieth Century England. In the life cycles of the majority of heterosexual people in the 20th century, a formative stage for emotional attachments exists. The author compared data findings from England’s Mass-Observation of 1937 to the most recent Mass- observation in 1981. Langhamer states that love and courtship have changed within twentieth century England. Courtship in the 1930 was seen as a rite of passage where now once you become a teenager you have the opportunity to have many casual relationships with the opposite sex. Her arguments suggest that women and their roles have changed as so has their outlook on courtship and the process of marriage. Modern women now are more independent and do not have to rely on a man to support them. She further argues that this is a prelude to the gendered male and female roles of today. Women especially are still expected to have traditional roles such as being a house wife and the male as the bread winner. In summary she states that courtship has its own life cycle and this warrants it to be examined due to changing roles of women in society.
Written By Mariana Gost
Wednesday, December 2, 2009
Have you been advertising yourself to get a date?
Bolig, R. Stein, P. Mckenry, P. 1984. The Self-Advertisement Approach to Dating: Male-Female Differences. Family Relations. Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 587-592.
The use of self-advertisement for dates and mates in personals, or companion advertisements is not a new phenomenon. However, it is now more widely accepted among singles. Although some scientists might see it as a way to escape loneliness in desperation, singles look at it as finding someone in a healthy manner. Upfront, you are telling them who you are and what you need as to see if the mate is compatible with you. A study showed that men who placed profiles in magazines were not looking for women who placed their profiles (nor were the women looking for men) in personal advertisements. Self- Advertisements provide one opportunity for individuals to be their own public relations person- to emphasize characteristics and accomplishments they are most pleased about. Today we have self- advertisements and video dating, tomorrow we may be able to interact and date through home computers.
Cheyenne Inglis
The use of self-advertisement for dates and mates in personals, or companion advertisements is not a new phenomenon. However, it is now more widely accepted among singles. Although some scientists might see it as a way to escape loneliness in desperation, singles look at it as finding someone in a healthy manner. Upfront, you are telling them who you are and what you need as to see if the mate is compatible with you. A study showed that men who placed profiles in magazines were not looking for women who placed their profiles (nor were the women looking for men) in personal advertisements. Self- Advertisements provide one opportunity for individuals to be their own public relations person- to emphasize characteristics and accomplishments they are most pleased about. Today we have self- advertisements and video dating, tomorrow we may be able to interact and date through home computers.
Cheyenne Inglis
Do you have preferences when choosing a mate?
Buss, D. 2001. A Half of Century of Mate Preferences: The Cultural Evolution of Values. Journal of Marriage and Family. Vol. 63, No. 2, pp. 491-503.
This article examines and argues that humans have preferences and search for specific traits when choosing a mate. Several changes in values were documented over a 57-year time span (1939- 1996) to prove the dominant traits and values people want their mates to possess. Both sexes said early on and throughout this time period that physical attractiveness is at the utmost importance. Both sexes, but an increased amount of men, shared that a mate with good financial prospects is important. Recently, men have had a decreased need of domestic skills in a partner, much less than in earlier time spans. Lastly, love and attraction also ranked high in importance throughout the entire time span. All in all when choosing a mate, people have preferences, and look for specific values when selecting a mate.
Cheyenne Inglis
This article examines and argues that humans have preferences and search for specific traits when choosing a mate. Several changes in values were documented over a 57-year time span (1939- 1996) to prove the dominant traits and values people want their mates to possess. Both sexes said early on and throughout this time period that physical attractiveness is at the utmost importance. Both sexes, but an increased amount of men, shared that a mate with good financial prospects is important. Recently, men have had a decreased need of domestic skills in a partner, much less than in earlier time spans. Lastly, love and attraction also ranked high in importance throughout the entire time span. All in all when choosing a mate, people have preferences, and look for specific values when selecting a mate.
Cheyenne Inglis
Does Evolution play a role in Finding a Mate?
Arquist, S. 2009. Testing Evolutions Role in Finding a Mate. New York Times. pg. D.6.
Scientists have long observed that women are usually pickier than men. This is because women have a bigger investment in the role of reproduction; they are the ones enduring pregnancy. An experiment looked at speed-dating sessions to determine whether men or women were choosier. The answer, it turned out, was neither. Regardless of gender, people who were instructed to approach other daters were less selective -- that is, they were more likely to ask to meet later for a date. In recent years, the emergence of speed dating has given psychologists and scientists new ways to test evolution and other hypotheses about mating. Because participants can be randomly assigned to groups and have no prior information about other participants, three-minute speed-dating sessions are about as close to a controlled experiment as researchers are likely to get. All in all, the research found that evolution did not play a huge role, but rather finding a mate like oneself was more prominent.
Cheyenne Inglis
Scientists have long observed that women are usually pickier than men. This is because women have a bigger investment in the role of reproduction; they are the ones enduring pregnancy. An experiment looked at speed-dating sessions to determine whether men or women were choosier. The answer, it turned out, was neither. Regardless of gender, people who were instructed to approach other daters were less selective -- that is, they were more likely to ask to meet later for a date. In recent years, the emergence of speed dating has given psychologists and scientists new ways to test evolution and other hypotheses about mating. Because participants can be randomly assigned to groups and have no prior information about other participants, three-minute speed-dating sessions are about as close to a controlled experiment as researchers are likely to get. All in all, the research found that evolution did not play a huge role, but rather finding a mate like oneself was more prominent.
Cheyenne Inglis
Automated Go-Betweens: Mate Selection of Tomorrow?
Jedlicka, D. 1981. Automated Go-Betweens: Mate Selection of Tomorrow? Family Relations. Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 373-376
This article analyzes the impact of modern technology on the formations of intimate relations throughout history. Jedlicka argues that computers can introduce a humanizing influence in the selection of mates by minimizing the importance of superficial traits and maximizing the importance of allowing the expression of personality traits and sexual behavior. Computers have had a huge impact on dating because of the feeling people get from not having face-to-face contact. They feel more secure and comfortable. Innovative computer systems are now solving communication problems in all areas. This does not mean it should be a substitute for face-to-face contact. When face-to-face contact is preferred or necessary, the computer should maximize the likelihood of that occurring among the most compatible persons.
Cheyenne Inglis
This article analyzes the impact of modern technology on the formations of intimate relations throughout history. Jedlicka argues that computers can introduce a humanizing influence in the selection of mates by minimizing the importance of superficial traits and maximizing the importance of allowing the expression of personality traits and sexual behavior. Computers have had a huge impact on dating because of the feeling people get from not having face-to-face contact. They feel more secure and comfortable. Innovative computer systems are now solving communication problems in all areas. This does not mean it should be a substitute for face-to-face contact. When face-to-face contact is preferred or necessary, the computer should maximize the likelihood of that occurring among the most compatible persons.
Cheyenne Inglis
How did dating change in the 1950's?
Bailey, B. 1990. The making of the American dream: Rebels without a cause? History Today [0018-2753] vol:40 pg:25 -31
After America had won both World War I and World War II, the American citizens had a new found confidence and assertiveness that they were the strongest and most powerful nation. With this, the youth of the 1950’s demonstrated the first major change in dating rituals when they began to have competitive attitudes toward how many dates they could have. This frightened and outraged the adults of this time because they saw that competitive dating and these methods of courtship had become more popular than bop, progressive jazz and hot rods. They believed these new methods of dating would lead to the downfall of American society because it lacked the hard work that had created America as they saw it. This era brought upon the materialization and standards we still see today where men need to be popular by having automobiles, nice clothes and rights to passage, and women need to associate themselves with many of these men.
written by: Brittney Payne
After America had won both World War I and World War II, the American citizens had a new found confidence and assertiveness that they were the strongest and most powerful nation. With this, the youth of the 1950’s demonstrated the first major change in dating rituals when they began to have competitive attitudes toward how many dates they could have. This frightened and outraged the adults of this time because they saw that competitive dating and these methods of courtship had become more popular than bop, progressive jazz and hot rods. They believed these new methods of dating would lead to the downfall of American society because it lacked the hard work that had created America as they saw it. This era brought upon the materialization and standards we still see today where men need to be popular by having automobiles, nice clothes and rights to passage, and women need to associate themselves with many of these men.
written by: Brittney Payne
What do teenagers expect to gain from hooking up?
Manning, W. , Giordano, P. , & Longmore, M. (2006). Hooking up: The relationship contexts of "nonrelationship" sex. Journal of Adolescent Research, 21(5), 459-483.
This article analyzes the concept of hooking up (engaging in sexual activities with partners whom they are not dating) which more than half of sexually active teenagers are engaging in. When comparing teenagers in grades 11, 9, and 7 of those that had engaged in sexual intercourse teenage boys engaged in sexual relations with a partner whom they were not dating more often than girls (68%), but girls closely follow (52%). The researchers refute a common idea that the sex outside of relationships occurs between people who do not know each other. They actually found that 74% of teenagers engaging in these relations report having sex with a friend. They also found that most teens had sex with partners of the same age. A third of those engaging in non dating sexual relations said these relations made them feel closer to their partner and a third also indicated that they wanted to begin a traditional relationship with their sexual partner.
written by: Brittney Payne
This article analyzes the concept of hooking up (engaging in sexual activities with partners whom they are not dating) which more than half of sexually active teenagers are engaging in. When comparing teenagers in grades 11, 9, and 7 of those that had engaged in sexual intercourse teenage boys engaged in sexual relations with a partner whom they were not dating more often than girls (68%), but girls closely follow (52%). The researchers refute a common idea that the sex outside of relationships occurs between people who do not know each other. They actually found that 74% of teenagers engaging in these relations report having sex with a friend. They also found that most teens had sex with partners of the same age. A third of those engaging in non dating sexual relations said these relations made them feel closer to their partner and a third also indicated that they wanted to begin a traditional relationship with their sexual partner.
written by: Brittney Payne
Does how people date effect their alcohol consumption and sexual expectancies?
Pedersen, E. 2009. Gender and Dating Relationship Status Moderate the Association Between Alcohol Use and Sex-related Alcohol Expectancies. Addictive Behaviors. Vol. 34 Issue 9, p786-789 4p 03064603
This article examined alcohol usage by young adults who were actively dating, in serious relationships, or not actively dating and their sexual expectancies based on alcohol usage. They found that when young adults are actively dating they consume more alcohol than those who are in steady relationships or not actively dating. Single (dating) participants of this survey had higher sexual expectancies ((1) I would be a better lover, (2) I would enjoy sex more, (3) I would feel sexier, and (4) It would be easier to act out my fantasies) than those who were relationships or not dating. Men and women had similar sexual expectancies with alcohol whether they were dating or not.
written by: Brittny Payne
This article examined alcohol usage by young adults who were actively dating, in serious relationships, or not actively dating and their sexual expectancies based on alcohol usage. They found that when young adults are actively dating they consume more alcohol than those who are in steady relationships or not actively dating. Single (dating) participants of this survey had higher sexual expectancies ((1) I would be a better lover, (2) I would enjoy sex more, (3) I would feel sexier, and (4) It would be easier to act out my fantasies) than those who were relationships or not dating. Men and women had similar sexual expectancies with alcohol whether they were dating or not.
written by: Brittny Payne
Do women choose men based on attraction or stability?
Vigil, J. 2006. Trade offs in low income women’s mate preferences. Human Nature. Vol. 7 (319-336)
This article assesses differences within the female sex based on mate selection and sexual relationships. When seeking a long term relationship, women prefer attractive, monogamous, financially stable partners that will devote a lot of attention to them and their children, but they will trade off the attractive aspect if need be. Women who are seeking a mate for a short term relationship put a lot of emphasis on only the attractiveness of their mate. Women also differ when it comes to sexual relationships. Women who seek sexual enhancement or pleasure typically engage in nonexclusive and frequent sexual relationships, where as women seeking intimacy engage in long term, exclusive relationships.
written by: Brittney Payne
This article assesses differences within the female sex based on mate selection and sexual relationships. When seeking a long term relationship, women prefer attractive, monogamous, financially stable partners that will devote a lot of attention to them and their children, but they will trade off the attractive aspect if need be. Women who are seeking a mate for a short term relationship put a lot of emphasis on only the attractiveness of their mate. Women also differ when it comes to sexual relationships. Women who seek sexual enhancement or pleasure typically engage in nonexclusive and frequent sexual relationships, where as women seeking intimacy engage in long term, exclusive relationships.
written by: Brittney Payne
Hooking up and forming romantic relationships on Today’s College Campuses
Paula England, Emily Fitzgibbons Shafer, and Alison C. K. Fogarty
Hooking up and forming romantic relationships on Today’s College Campuses.
In England, Shafer’s and Fogarty’s article, Hooking Up and Forming Romantic Relationships On Today’s College Campuses a “hook up” is ambiguous in definition, but generally is referred to as a situation where two people meet up and end up having a sexual encounter. (pg 532). They state that hook ups are gendered in three ways, Initiations, The Orgasm Gap and The Sexual Double Standard. An initiation is when the man will make attempts to initiate sexual activities towards a woman. (pg 535) The Orgasm Gap refers to men reporting having more orgasms during a hook up than females. (pg 535) The Sexual double standard stigmatizes to both men and women. Women who have too many sexual partners are labeled as a ‘slut’ and men being referred to as ‘man whores’. (pg 538) Although our society has had it ‘sexual revolution’ there is still a gendered system that has been left relativity untouched. (pg 544)
written by Mariana Gost
Hooking up and forming romantic relationships on Today’s College Campuses.
In England, Shafer’s and Fogarty’s article, Hooking Up and Forming Romantic Relationships On Today’s College Campuses a “hook up” is ambiguous in definition, but generally is referred to as a situation where two people meet up and end up having a sexual encounter. (pg 532). They state that hook ups are gendered in three ways, Initiations, The Orgasm Gap and The Sexual Double Standard. An initiation is when the man will make attempts to initiate sexual activities towards a woman. (pg 535) The Orgasm Gap refers to men reporting having more orgasms during a hook up than females. (pg 535) The Sexual double standard stigmatizes to both men and women. Women who have too many sexual partners are labeled as a ‘slut’ and men being referred to as ‘man whores’. (pg 538) Although our society has had it ‘sexual revolution’ there is still a gendered system that has been left relativity untouched. (pg 544)
written by Mariana Gost
Perceived Sex Knowledge, Exposure to Eroticism, and Premarital Sexual Behavior: the impact of Dating*
The Sociological Quarterly 17 (spring 1976): 247-261
Perceived Sex Knowledge, Exposure to Eroticism, and Premarital Sexual Behavior: the impact of Dating*
Graham B. Spanier, The Pennsylvania State University.
In Spanier article Perceived Sex Knowledge, Exposure to Eroticism, and Premarital Sexual Behavior: the impact of Dating. His thesis states that a positive relationship exists between perceived sex knowledge, exposure to eroticism, dating experiences and premarital sexual behavior (pg247). There are three hypotheses that he bases his cross sectional research on. Hypothesis one states, the more knowledge about sexual behavior and individual reports having before and during high school, the more premarital heterosexual involvement the individual will report having. (pg249) Hypothesis two states, The greater a person’s exposure to erotic material, the greater the premarital heterosexual involvement the individual will report having. Hypothesis three states that the greater the dating frequency an individual reports during high school and college, the more premarital heterosexual involvement the individual will report having. (pg250). Based on Spainers research he summarizes that the more exposure one has to a number of contributing factors increases their sexual behavior
written by Mariana Gost
Perceived Sex Knowledge, Exposure to Eroticism, and Premarital Sexual Behavior: the impact of Dating*
Graham B. Spanier, The Pennsylvania State University.
In Spanier article Perceived Sex Knowledge, Exposure to Eroticism, and Premarital Sexual Behavior: the impact of Dating. His thesis states that a positive relationship exists between perceived sex knowledge, exposure to eroticism, dating experiences and premarital sexual behavior (pg247). There are three hypotheses that he bases his cross sectional research on. Hypothesis one states, the more knowledge about sexual behavior and individual reports having before and during high school, the more premarital heterosexual involvement the individual will report having. (pg249) Hypothesis two states, The greater a person’s exposure to erotic material, the greater the premarital heterosexual involvement the individual will report having. Hypothesis three states that the greater the dating frequency an individual reports during high school and college, the more premarital heterosexual involvement the individual will report having. (pg250). Based on Spainers research he summarizes that the more exposure one has to a number of contributing factors increases their sexual behavior
written by Mariana Gost
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